To create a Strategy Map, each strategic objective should be grouped and placed into a topic based on the theme. Because the map is a visual representation, it can be useful to determine specific shapes or graphics for each theme and use these to denote the objectives within each.
Think carefully about the strategic objectives, since having too many will clutter the map and make the overall message difficult to understand. A Strategy Map can be used to plot a plan for financial growth, market to a new customer segment, roll out new innovations, and develop new business processes. In addition to these basic elements, the following features are also useful when building Strategy Maps:
Arrows: Arrows can be used to connect the strategic objectives in one of two ways:
- Arrows that are placed between the strategic objectives are used to show a causal relation between them. In this way, an individual can easily see how one strategic objective causes the other.
- Arrows can also be used to connect strategic objectives above and below one another. This depiction allows the viewer to determine how strategic objectives at one level of the balanced scorecard goals influence those above or below it. Of the two uses, it is recommended that connections primarily be shown the latter way, as it should be of the utmost importance to demonstrate that the larger goals of the organization are connected (e.g., well-run businesses have customers [client] who buy their product [finances]). In general, arrows are useful to actually allow individuals to graphically see how the sub-objectives feed into the larger goals, as employees do not often feel or see these connections on the job. Additionally, the use of arrows will reinforce to the employees that no strategic objective stands in isolation.
Themes: A strategic theme is similar to the larger goals set forth in a strategy. However, they differ from these goals in that their purpose is not to group strategic objectives into categories representative of the goals. Rather, the goal of using themes should be to vertically combine the sub-elements of the larger goals with a broader connection. This will serve your organization by demonstrating the connections between the larger goals. These themes should be tailored to your organization.
Once it is completed, a Strategy Map can then be used to create the organization’s actual strategic plan. Additionally, the clear format of the strategy map makes it easy to identify relevant initiatives, programs, goals, etc. for which measures need to be developed in order to assess the success of the strategic plan once it is implemented.
Overall, Strategy Maps are a valuable tool for reporting the benefit of intangible process, relationships, etc. that help to foster competitive advantage.




