The Cause and Effect Matrix tool helps business leaders prioritize the inputs (Causes) required to reach a desired output (Effects). The matrix applies steps to analyze the importance of specific inputs and outputs and creates a correlation between them which will affect the end user or customer. In the Cause and Effect Matrix, outputs are defined as Customer Requirements and are ranked by importance to the end user (or Customer).
In order to make the most use of the Cause and Effect Matrix, follow these six steps:
- Identify any customer requirements by looking at Voice of the Customer data which is collected through surveys, interviews, reviews and customer data analysis.
- Give priority rankings to each customer output using a 1-10 scale with 1 being lowest priority and 10 being highest priority for the customer.
- Outline all key inputs and metrics currently being used to complete the process.
- Assess and measure the relationship between inputs and outputs and rank each input based on its impact on the output. Six Sigma practitioners typically use a geometric progression scale to rank impact (0,1,3 and 9) with 0 being no impact, 1 being low, 3 medium, 9 strong impact.
- Upon completion of scoring for inputs and outputs, cross multiple the scores and create a sum score for each row.
- Rank the final order of specific Causes & Effects that have the greatest importance and therefore the greatest opportunity for improvement.




