In order to obtain the most essential information from a Focus Group, six steps should be followed:
1) State the purpose of the focus group. Outline what should be accomplished and clearly communicate to selected focus group participants how valuable their opinions are. It is also important to obtain support from top executives to provide sponsorship for the groups.
2) Outline the flow of the discussion. Indicate what questions should be asked for each subject discussed. It is advisable to ask targeted questions regarding each subject so that enough specific information can be generated so that follow-up actions are clear.
3) Determine who will lead the focus group. Focus Groups should generally not be conducted by a manager whose employees are participants in the group as that may inhibit honest responses. The facilitator should be impartial. It is also advised to have a separate individual to take notes so as to not split the focus of the facilitator. Focus Groups can also be video or audio recorded.
4) Define the group’s composition. There is no consensus on the optimal Focus Group size; it is specific to the organization and the topic being discussed. It is important to compose your Focus Group of a prototypical group of individuals affected by the change program. All participants should remain anonymous and involvement in the Focus Group can be required or voluntary.
5) Facilitate the group. Before beginning the session, the facilitator should go over the purpose and outline of the Focus Group and explain the rules. Participants should be given time to look over the questions before the discussion actually begins. Facilitators should remain engaged and actively listen to each participant in addition to observing body language, keep the discussion on topic, and clarify any statements made by participants that were not well explained or well received by the group. Participants should be compensated for the time in some way and should be kept abreast of how their responses will be used.
6) Analyze the results. The facilitator and scribe should meet and generate the key themes and results of the session. These should be presented as responses to the questions posed and relayed to the managers so that appropriate action can be taken.




